India’s indigenous fifth-generation fighter jet programme has entered a critical stage, with the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) shortlisting three industry groups to develop prototypes of the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA). The shortlisted contenders include Tata Advanced Systems as a standalone bidder; a consortium of Larsen & Toubro and Bharat Electronics Limited, and another consortium led by Bharat Forge, BEML, and Data Patterns. The AMCA project aims to build India’s first homegrown fifth-generation stealth fighter jet. The aircraft is expected to feature advanced stealth coatings, internal weapons bays, and next-generation avionics, making it comparable to global fifth-generation fighters such as the F-35 and J-20. The programme plans to produce more than 125 aircraft, with induction into the Indian Air Force targeted around 2035.
DRDO had initially invited bids in July 2025, with seven companies and consortia, including Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and Adani Defence, participating in the process. However, HAL was reportedly excluded from the prototype shortlist due to a paperwork-related eligibility issue, not a technical capability issue. HAL may still participate in later stages of the programme. The shortlisted firms are expected to receive government support to design and build AMCA prototypes. The company that successfully develops and demonstrates the prototype will gain a significant advantage in securing final manufacturing rights. This competitive model is designed to accelerate innovation and ensure efficient execution of one of India’s most ambitious defence projects.
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The AMCA programme is a key part of India’s broader strategy to modernise its air force and reduce reliance on foreign defence imports. Most of the aircraft are expected to be manufactured domestically, strengthening India’s defence manufacturing ecosystem and supporting the government’s “Make in India” initiative. If completed, the AMCA project will place India among a select group of nations capable of designing and producing fifth-generation stealth fighter jets, significantly boosting its military capability, technological expertise, and global defence standing.
